Gun turret



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GUN TURRET F iled March 7, 1939 19 Sheets-sheaf. 19

Patented Mar. 12, 1946 UNITED STATE S PATENT OFFICE The Glenn L. Md.

Martin Company, Baltimore,

Application March 7, 1939, Serial No. 260,268

Claims.

The invention relates to gun turrets, and especially to gun turrets for aircraft.

An object of the invention is to produce a gun turret which can be controlled by an operator therewithin to turn in any direction, quickly and easily.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a turret which is so mounted as to present a decreased aerodynamic resistance, whatever may be its relative position. More specifically,

with respect to this object, the turret is of generally spherical shape with two opposed flattened surfaces, and is mounted between ears opposite these flattened surfaces and having an outer contour formed at least in part as a continuation of the spherical surface of the remainder of the turret.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel mounting for the turret, which permits the same to turn without danger of binding regardless of possible distortions of the track upon which it is mounted. This is accomplished primarily by mounting the turret through a plurality of rollers, at least a majority of which are mounted for axial movement so as to follow deformations of the track. A further object of the invention is to provide for the turning of a turret so mounted by means of a gear engaging a rack on the track, in which the rollers nearest the gear are not axially movable, so as to preserve accurate engagement between the rack and gear.

A further object of the invention is to provide a turret which may be sealed off as a single unit, so that the same can be supercharged.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel mechanism for turning the turret and controlling the turning movement thereof, with mountings so arranged that fluid under pressure for operating the turning mechanism may be supplied from the outside to control mechanism in the turret and thence to the motors for turning the turret in every position thereof. More specifically, this feature of the invention involves the provision of novel joint constructions for turning of the turret about twomutually perpendicular axes while permitting the supply of fluid to the turret whatever its position may be.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel valve for controlling the supply of pressure fluid which prevents shocks to the motors and permits slow and accurate maneuvering of the turret.

A further feature of the invention resides in the mounting of the motor for causing the tunret to turn about a perpendicular axis on the movable support, so that supply of fluid from control means within the turret need pass only through a single swivel.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more fully from the following description, particularly when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a turret structure embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side View of the same;

Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b are the left and right-hand portions respectively of a cross section on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b are the left and right-hand portions respectively of a cross section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a detail principally in section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4a showing the bottom swivel;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are cross sections on the lines 66, 1-7 and 88 respectively of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Figs. 10 and 11 are cross sections on the lines lll--l0 and ll--|I respectively of Fig. 5;

Fig. 12 is a cross section on the line lZ-IZ of Fig. 4a showing the left-hand side swivel;

Fig. 13 is a detail view of the swivel structure of Fig. 12, partly in section;

Fig. 14 is a view of the distributing plate of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 are views from the left and right-hand ends respectively of Fig. 13;

Fig. 17 shows in side elevation partly broken away the mechanism for turning the turret about a horizontal axis;

Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 are cross sections on the lines Iii-I8 and Ill-I9 respectively of Fig. 1'7;

Fig. 20 is a cross section through the righthand horizontal swivel;

Fig. 21 is a detail view of a portion of the swivel mechanism of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a top plan view of the control member and some of the connections therefor;

Fig. 23 shows the control member in side elevation;

Figs. 24, 25 and 26 are cross sections on the lines 24-24, 2525 and 2626 respectively of Fig. 23;

Fig. 27 is a perspective view of pne of the sleeves which cooperates with the slide valves. 

